sin()

Baseline 2023

Newly available

Since March 2023, this feature works across the latest devices and browser versions. This feature might not work in older devices or browsers.

The sin() CSS function is a trigonometric function that returns the sine of a number, which is a value between -1 and 1. The function contains a single calculation that must resolve to either a <number> or an <angle> by interpreting the result of the argument as radians. That is, sin(45deg), sin(0.125turn), and sin(3.14159 / 4) all represent the same value, approximately 0.707.

Syntax

/* Single <angle> values */
width: calc(100px * sin(45deg));
width: calc(100px * sin(0.25turn));
width: calc(100px * sin(1.0471967rad));

/* Single <number> values */
width: calc(100px * sin(63.673));
width: calc(100px * sin(2 * 0.125));

/* Other values */
width: calc(100px * sin(pi / 2));
width: calc(100px * sin(e / 4));

Parameters

The sin(angle) function accepts only one value as its parameter.

angle: A calculation which resolves to a <number> or an <angle>. When specifying unitless numbers they are interpreted as a number of radians, representing an <angle>

Return value

The sine of an angle will always return a number between −1 and 1.

If angle is infinity, -infinity, or NaN, the result is NaN.
If angle is 0⁻, the result is 0⁻.

Formal syntax

<sin()> = 
  sin( <calc-sum> )  

<calc-sum> = 
  <calc-product> [ [ '+' | '-' ] <calc-product> ]*  

<calc-product> = 
  <calc-value> [ [ '*' | '/' ] <calc-value> ]*  

<calc-value> = 
  <number>        |
  <dimension>     |
  <percentage>    |
  <calc-keyword>  |
  ( <calc-sum> )  

<calc-keyword> = 
  e          |
  pi         |
  infinity   |
  -infinity  |
  NaN

Examples

Changing box sizes

In this example, sin(30deg) will return 0.5, making the box have a 50px width and a 50px height.

div {
  background-color: red;
  width: calc(sin(30deg) * 100px);
  height: calc(sin(30deg) * 100px);
}

Controlling animation duration

Another use case is to control the animation-duration, reducing the duration based on the sine value. In this case, the animation duration will be 1s.

div {
  animation-name: myAnimation;
  animation-duration: calc(sin(0.25turn) * 1s);
}

Specifications

Specification
CSS Values and Units Module Level 4 # trig-funcs

Browser compatibility

	Desktop					Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Opera	Safari	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet	WebView Android
`sin`	111	111	108	97	15.4	111	108	75	15.4	22.0	111