Consistent list indentation

First, we consider the pure list item, not nested in a list of items. When using the HTML <li> element, the browser sets the display value to list-item. Whether list items not nested in a list are provided a marker (otherwise known as a "bullet") depends on the browser. We can remove that bullet with list-style-type: none.

li {
  border: 1px dashed red;
}
li:nth-of-type(n + 4) {
  list-style-type: none;
}

That dotted red border represents the outer edges of the content area of each list item. At this point, the list items have no padding or borders.

Now we wrap these in a parent element; in this case, we'll wrap them in an unordered list (i.e., <ul>). According to the CSS box model, the list items' boxes must be displayed within the parent element's content area.

ul {
  border: 1px dashed blue;
}
li {
  border: 1px dashed red;
  list-style-type: none;
}

The dotted blue border shows us the edges of the <ul> element's content area. That parent comes with both margin and padding. Browsers set the following default styles on unordered lists:

ul {
  /* user-agent styles */
  display: block;
  list-style-type: disc;
  margin-block-start: 1em;
  margin-block-end: 1em;
  padding-inline-start: 40px;
}

Now we put the list item markers back in. Since this is an unordered list, the list items inherit list-style-type: disc; browser styles, which are filled-circle "bullets," from their <ul> parent.

li {
  border: 1px dashed red;
}
ul {
  border: 1px dotted blue;
}
ul:last-of-type {
  list-style-position: inside;
}

Visually, the markers are outside the content area of the <ul>, but that's not the important part here. What's key is that the markers are placed outside the "principal box" of the <li> elements, not the <ul>. They're sort of like appendages to the list items, hanging outside the content-area of the <li> but still attached to the <li>.

This is why, in every modern browser, markers are placed outside any border set for an <li> element when the value of list-style-position defaults to or is explicitly set to outside. When we changed it to inside, the markers were brought inside the <li>'s content, as though they're an inline box placed at the very beginning of the <li>.

As noted above, all browsers provide the <ul> parent both margin and padding. While user agents CSS differ somewhat, they all include:

ul,
ol {
  /* user-agent styles */
  display: block;
  list-style-type: disc;
  margin-block-start: 1em;
  margin-block-end: 1em;
  padding-inline-start: 40px;
}
ol {
  list-style-type: decimal;
}
li {
  display: list-item;
  text-align: match-parent;
}
::marker {
  unicode-bidi: isolate;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  text-transform: none;
}

All browsers set padding-inline-start to 40 pixels for the <ul> element by default. In left-to-right languages, like English, this is the left padding. Any padding set in the author style sheets (that's your stylesheet) takes precedence.

If you want to be explicit, set the following in your style sheets to ensure, unless otherwise overridden, the list items in the main content area of your document, contained in the <main> section, are properly indented:

:where(main ol, main ul) {
  margin-inline-start: 0;
  padding-inline-start: 40px;
}

And always nest your <li> elements in a <ul> or <ol>.